Spinal tap may predict Alzheimer’s years ahead

 

Scientists are finding more clues to help determine whether people with mild dementia symptoms are at risk for Alzheimer’s.

A new study suggests that biomarkers found in cerebrospinal fluid (fluid that surrounds the spinal cord and brain and acts as a protective cushion) could predict who would develop Alzheimer’s disease 90% of the time among patients with mild cognitive impairment, a condition characterized by measurable memory problems.

Researchers report these findings in the journal Archives of General Psychiatry.

This is the longest clinical follow-up ever of patients who begin with mild cognitive impairment, researchers reported. Patients were tracked from four to 12 years, with a median of 9.2 years.  The research builds on a 2006 Lancet Neurology study that followed patients for a median of 5.2 years, beginning with a group of 137 volunteers with mild cognitive impairment.The new study is important because of the long follow-up period, according to Adam Brickman, assistant professor of neuropsychology at Columbia University School of Medicine, who was not involved in the research.

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Melatonin for sundowning

One of the unfortunate effects of dementia is sundowning. Our mother had it, my sister’s mother-in-law has it, and unfortunately so does our father. Each person is different, and some methods work and some don’t.  You will just have to find through trial-and-error. One method that caught my eye (which we haven’t tried yet ) is melatonin.

Melatonin – What is it?

Melatonin is a natural hormone made by the pineal gland. This gland is located just above the middle of the brain. During the day the pineal gland is inactive. When the sun goes down and darkness occurs, the pineal is activated by the supra-chiasmatic nucleus (SCN )and begins to actively produce melatonin, which is released into the blood. Usually, this occurs around 9 pm. As a result, melatonin levels in the blood rise sharply and alertness decreases.

How does it help with Sundowning?

Some methods typically used for treating sundowning symptoms are: full spectrum lightbulbs (which can be costly), changing sleep times, exercise, and diet changes.

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Melatonin supplements  cause melatonin levels in the blood to rise earlier than the brain’s own production accomplishes. This causes a kind of hypnotic effect calming agitated Alzheimer’s sufferers —hence, inducing sleep. Studies are mixed and some people actually can get worse. However, some have shown some progress. Melatonin is also used for treating Alzheimer’s Disease itself.

English: Low mag. Image:Pineal gland - high ma...

 

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Lipitor to go generic

For the last year, Pfizer has been laying the groundwork to combat the looming competition against Lipitor, forging deals with insurers, pharmacy benefit managers and patients to meet or beat the price of its generic replacements.
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J.B. Reed/Bloomberg News
Lipitor, made by Pfizer, was the first drug to exceed $10 billion a year in sales.
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Bill Gallery/Watson Pharmaceuticals, via Associated Press
A generic version of Lipitor, or atorvastatin, made by Watson Pharmaceuticals of New Jersey, one of two generic rivals.
As it loses its patent for Lipitor, the top-selling cholesterol drug, on Wednesday, Pfizer is completing relationships and shoring up discounts — like a reduced co-payment of $4 a month versus the $10 customers would pay for many generic prescriptions.

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